100 Symbols That Changed The World looks at the genesis and
adoption of the world's most recognizable symbols. Universal
symbols have been used as a form of communication from the Bronze
Age, when the dynasties of ancient Egypt began the evolution of the
thousand characters used in Egyptian hieroglyphics. In
pre-Columbian America the Mayan civilization set out on a similar
course, using pictures as a narrative text.With the adoption of
written languages, symbols have come to represent an illustrated
shorthand. The dollar sign in America evolved from colonists' trade
with the Spanish, and the widespread acceptance of Spanish currency
in deals. Merchants' clerks would shorten the repeated entry of
",pesos", in their accounts ledgers, which needed to be written
with a 'p' and an 's'.A single letter 's' with the vertical stroke
of the 'p' was much quicker. Historically correct dollar signs have
a single stroke through the 'S'. Symbols are also used to impart
quick, recognizable safety advice.The radio activity symbol was
designed in Berkley in 1946 to warn of the dangers of radioactive
substances - and following the widespread use of gas masks in WWII,
the trefoil symbol echoed the shape of the mask. There are many
symbols of affiliation, not only to religious groups, but support
of political causes or even brand loyalty. Symbols are used for
identification, military markings and recognition of
compatibility.They allow users to convey a large amount of
information in a short space, such as the iconography of maps or an
electrical circuit diagram. Symbols are an essential part of the
architecture of mathematics. And in the case of the 1964 Tokyo
Olympics - the first Games to be held in an Asian country - symbols
allowed the organizers to create event signage that wouldn't be
lost in translation.The set of Olympic sports pictograms for the
Games was a novel solution, and one that was added to in Mexico and
Munich. Organized chronologically, 100 Symbols That Changed The
World looks at the genesis and adoption of the world's most
recognizable symbols.
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V januári 1965 Gabriel García Márquez cestoval s rodinou na
dovolenku do Acapulca, keď odrazu dostal nápad. Začul vravu
mestečka Macondo. Už vedel, ako napíše svoj nový román. Vrátil sa
domov, zatvoril sa do pracovne, a keď z nej po osemnástich
mesiacoch vyšiel, v ruke držal 1 300 strán rukopisu a bol šťastný.
Román Sto rokov samoty prvý raz vyšiel v roku 1967, Márquez mal
vtedy 39 rokov a svet si navždy zapamätal jeho meno. Dnes je román
považovaný za jedno z najvýznamnejších diel latinskoamerickej a
svetovej literatúry. Je komponovaný z množstva reálnych aj
fantazijných epizód a rozpráva o pôvabných i krutých príhodách
šiestich generácií rodiny Buendíovcov z fiktívneho mestečka
Macondo.
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