First ever critical study of Tolkien’s little-known essay, which
reveals how language invention shaped the creation of Middle-earth
and beyond, to George R R Martin’s Game of Thrones. J.R.R.
Tolkien’s linguistic invention was a fundamental part of his
artistic output, to the extent that later on in life he attributed
the existence of his mythology to the desire to give his languages
a home and peoples to speak them. As Tolkien puts it in ‘A Secret
Vice’, ‘the making of language and mythology are related
functions’’. In the 1930s, Tolkien composed and delivered two
lectures, in which he explored these two key elements of his
sub-creative methodology. The second of these, the seminal Andrew
Lang Lecture for 1938–9, ‘On Fairy-Stories’, which he delivered at
the University of St Andrews in Scotland, is well known. But many
years before, in 1931, Tolkien gave a talk to a literary society
entitled ‘A Hobby for the Home’, where he unveiled for the first
time to a listening public the art that he had both himself
encountered and been involved with since his earliest childhood:
‘the construction of imaginary languages in full or outline for
amusement’. This talk would be edited by Christopher Tolkien for
inclusion as ‘A Secret Vice’ in The Monsters and the Critics and
Other Essays and serves as the principal exposition of Tolkien’s
art of inventing languages. This new critical edition, which
includes previously unpublished notes and drafts by Tolkien
connected with the essay, including his ‘Essay on Phonetic
Symbolism’, goes some way towards re-opening the debate on the
importance of linguistic invention in Tolkien’s mythology and the
role of imaginary languages in fantasy literature.
V januári 1965 Gabriel García Márquez cestoval s rodinou na
dovolenku do Acapulca, keď odrazu dostal nápad. Začul vravu
mestečka Macondo. Už vedel, ako napíše svoj nový román. Vrátil sa
domov, zatvoril sa do pracovne, a keď z nej po osemnástich
mesiacoch vyšiel, v ruke držal 1 300 strán rukopisu a bol šťastný.
Román Sto rokov samoty prvý raz vyšiel v roku 1967, Márquez mal
vtedy 39 rokov a svet si navždy zapamätal jeho meno. Dnes je román
považovaný za jedno z najvýznamnejších diel latinskoamerickej a
svetovej literatúry. Je komponovaný z množstva reálnych aj
fantazijných epizód a rozpráva o pôvabných i krutých príhodách
šiestich generácií rodiny Buendíovcov z fiktívneho mestečka
Macondo.
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